Navigation apps talk to Location Services for position information.
Location Services will get this information from whatever source it can.
So, Location Services might get the information from one of, or a combination of the following:
- A WiFi network (not super accurate)
- A cellular network ie. mobile phone towers (a bit more accurate)
- A satellite signal via the internal GPS receiver, if the device is equipped with one (very accurate)
- A satellite signal received by an external (usually Bluetooth) receiver (also very accurate)